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88 [eighty-eight]

Past tense of modal verbs 2

‫88[ثمانية وثمانون]‬ 88[thimaniat wathamanun]	‫صيغة الماضي للأفعال الواصفة للحال 2‬ syghat almadi lil'afeal alwasifat lilhal 2

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Babies can learn grammar rules

Children grow up very quickly. And they also learn very quickly! It has yet to be researched how children learn. Learning processes take place automatically. Children don't notice when they are learning. Nevertheless, every day they are capable of more. This also becomes clear with language. Babies can only cry in the first few months. With a few months they can say short words. Then sentences are created from those words. Eventually the children speak their native language. Unfortunately, that doesn't work in the case of adults. They need books or other material in order to learn. Only this way can they learn grammar rules, for example. Babies, however, learn grammar as early as four months old! Researchers taught German babies foreign grammar rules. In order to do this, they played Italian sentences aloud to them. These sentences contained certain syntactical structures. The babies listened to the correct sentences for about fifteen minutes. Afterwards, sentences were played for the babies again. This time, however, a few of the sentences were incorrect. While the babies listened to the sentences, their brainwaves were measured. This way the researchers could identify how the brain reacted to sentences. And the babies showed different levels of activity with the sentences! Although they had just learned them, they registered the mistakes. Naturally, babies do not understand why some sentences are wrong. They orient themselves toward phonetic patterns. But that is enough to learn a language – at least for babies…

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My son did not want to play with the doll.	‫_م ي_د ا_ن_ ا_ل_ب م_ ا_د_ي_._ l_ y_r_d_ a_n_y_ a_l_e_ m_e a_d_m_a_a_ ‫لم يرد ابني اللعب مع الدمية.‬ lm yuradu abnayi allaeb mae aldamiata. ‫__ ي__ ا___ ا____ م_ ا_______ l_ y_____ a_____ a_____ m__ a_________ ‫لم يرد ابني اللعب مع الدمية.‬ lm yuradu abnayi allaeb mae aldamiata. ___ ___ ____ _____ __ ________ __ ______ ______ ______ ___ __________ ‫لم يرد ابني اللعب مع الدمية.‬ lm yuradu abnayi allaeb mae aldamiata.
My daughter did not want to play football / soccer (am.).	‫_م ي_د ا_ن_ ا_ل_ب ب_ر_ ا_ق_م_‬ l_ y_r_d_ a_n_y_ a_l_e_ b_k_a_ a_q_d_a_ ‫لم يرد ابني اللعب بكرة القدم.‬ lm yuradu abnaya allaeb bukrat alqadma. ‫__ ي__ ا___ ا____ ب___ ا______ l_ y_____ a_____ a_____ b_____ a_______ ‫لم يرد ابني اللعب بكرة القدم.‬ lm yuradu abnaya allaeb bukrat alqadma. ___ ___ ____ _____ ____ _______ __ ______ ______ ______ ______ ________ ‫لم يرد ابني اللعب بكرة القدم.‬ lm yuradu abnaya allaeb bukrat alqadma.
My wife did not want to play chess with me.	‫_م ت_د ز_ج_ي أ_ ت_ع_ ا_ش_ر_ج م_ي_‬ l_ t_r_d z_w_a_i '_n t_l_a_ a_s_a_r_n_j m_e_a_ ‫لم ترد زوجتي أن تلعب الشطرنج معي.‬ lm tarud zawjati 'an taleab alshatranaj maeya. ‫__ ت__ ز____ أ_ ت___ ا______ م____ l_ t____ z______ '__ t_____ a__________ m_____ ‫لم ترد زوجتي أن تلعب الشطرنج معي.‬ lm tarud zawjati 'an taleab alshatranaj maeya. ___ ___ _____ __ ____ _______ _____ __ _____ _______ ___ ______ ___________ ______ ‫لم ترد زوجتي أن تلعب الشطرنج معي.‬ lm tarud zawjati 'an taleab alshatranaj maeya.

My children did not want to go for a walk.	‫_م ي_غ_ أ_ل_د_ ا_ق_ا_ ب_ز_ة_‬ l_ y_r_h_b '_w_a_i a_q_a_ b_n_z_a_a_ ‫لم يرغب أولادي القيام بنزهة.‬ lm yarghab 'awladi alqiam binuzhata. ‫__ ي___ أ_____ ا_____ ب______ l_ y______ '______ a_____ b_________ ‫لم يرغب أولادي القيام بنزهة.‬ lm yarghab 'awladi alqiam binuzhata. ___ ____ ______ ______ _______ __ _______ _______ ______ __________ ‫لم يرغب أولادي القيام بنزهة.‬ lm yarghab 'awladi alqiam binuzhata.
They did not want to tidy the room.	‫_م ي_ي_و_ ت_ت_ب ا_غ_ف_._ l_ y_r_d_u t_r_i_ a_g_a_f_t_. ‫لم يريدوا ترتيب الغرفة.‬ lm yuriduu tartib algharfata. ‫__ ي_____ ت____ ا_______ l_ y______ t_____ a__________ ‫لم يريدوا ترتيب الغرفة.‬ lm yuriduu tartib algharfata. ___ ______ _____ ________ __ _______ ______ ___________ ‫لم يريدوا ترتيب الغرفة.‬ lm yuriduu tartib algharfata.
They did not want to go to bed.	‫_م ي_ي_و_ ا_ذ_ا_ إ_ى ا_ف_ا_._ l_ y_r_d_u a_d_a_a_ '_i_a_ a_f_r_s_. ‫لم يريدوا الذهاب إلى الفراش.‬ lm yuriduu aldhahab 'iilaa alfurash. ‫__ ي_____ ا_____ إ__ ا_______ l_ y______ a_______ '_____ a________ ‫لم يريدوا الذهاب إلى الفراش.‬ lm yuriduu aldhahab 'iilaa alfurash. ___ ______ ______ ___ ________ __ _______ ________ ______ _________ ‫لم يريدوا الذهاب إلى الفراش.‬ lm yuriduu aldhahab 'iilaa alfurash.

He was not allowed to eat ice cream.	‫_م ي_م_ ل_ ب_ن_و_ ا_ب_ظ_._ l_ y_s_a_ l_h b_t_n_w_l a_b_w_a_a_ ‫لم يسمح له بتناول البوظة.‬ lm yasmah lah bitanawul albawzata. ‫__ ي___ ل_ ب_____ ا_______ l_ y_____ l__ b________ a_________ ‫لم يسمح له بتناول البوظة.‬ lm yasmah lah bitanawul albawzata. ___ ____ __ ______ ________ __ ______ ___ _________ __________ ‫لم يسمح له بتناول البوظة.‬ lm yasmah lah bitanawul albawzata.
He was not allowed to eat chocolate.	‫_م ي_م_ ل_ ب_ن_و_ ا_ش_ك_ل_._ l_m y_s_a_ l_h b_t_n_w_l a_s_a_k_l_. ‫لم يسمح له بتناول الشوكولا.‬ lam yasmah lah bitanawul alshawkula. ‫__ ي___ ل_ ب_____ ا_________ l__ y_____ l__ b________ a__________ ‫لم يسمح له بتناول الشوكولا.‬ lam yasmah lah bitanawul alshawkula. ___ ____ __ ______ __________ ___ ______ ___ _________ ___________ ‫لم يسمح له بتناول الشوكولا.‬ lam yasmah lah bitanawul alshawkula.
He was not allowed to eat sweets.	‫_م ي_م_ ل_ ب_ن_و_ ا_م_ب_._ l_ y_s_a_ l_h b_t_n_w_l a_m_l_a_. ‫لم يسمح له بتناول الملبس.‬ lm yasmah lah bitanawul almulbas. ‫__ ي___ ل_ ب_____ ا_______ l_ y_____ l__ b________ a________ ‫لم يسمح له بتناول الملبس.‬ lm yasmah lah bitanawul almulbas. ___ ____ __ ______ ________ __ ______ ___ _________ _________ ‫لم يسمح له بتناول الملبس.‬ lm yasmah lah bitanawul almulbas.

I was allowed to make a wish.	‫_م_ ل_ أ_ أ_م_ى ش_ئ_ً_‬ i_m_h l_ '_n '_t_m_n_a s_y_a_n_ ‫سمح لي أن أتمنى شيئاً.‬ ismah li 'an 'atamanaa shyyaan. ‫___ ل_ أ_ أ____ ش______ i____ l_ '__ '________ s_______ ‫سمح لي أن أتمنى شيئاً.‬ ismah li 'an 'atamanaa shyyaan. ____ __ __ _____ _______ _____ __ ___ _________ ________ ‫سمح لي أن أتمنى شيئاً.‬ ismah li 'an 'atamanaa shyyaan.
I was allowed to buy myself a dress.	‫_م_ ل_ ب_ر_ء ث_ب_‬ s_a_ l_ b_s_a_a_' t_a_b_n_ ‫سمح لي بشراء ثوب.‬ smah li bisharaa' thawban. ‫___ ل_ ب____ ث____ s___ l_ b________ t_______ ‫سمح لي بشراء ثوب.‬ smah li bisharaa' thawban. ____ __ _____ _____ ____ __ _________ ________ ‫سمح لي بشراء ثوب.‬ smah li bisharaa' thawban.
I was allowed to take a chocolate.	‫_م_ ل_ ب_ن_و_ ح_ة ش_ك_ل_._ s_a_ l_ b_t_n_w_l h_b_t s_a_a_u_a_a_ ‫سمح لي بتناول حبة شوكولا.‬ smah li bitanawal habat shawakulana. ‫___ ل_ ب_____ ح__ ش_______ s___ l_ b________ h____ s___________ ‫سمح لي بتناول حبة شوكولا.‬ smah li bitanawal habat shawakulana. ____ __ ______ ___ ________ ____ __ _________ _____ ____________ ‫سمح لي بتناول حبة شوكولا.‬ smah li bitanawal habat shawakulana.

Were you allowed to smoke in the airplane?	‫_ل س_ح ل_ ب_ل_د_ي_ ف_ ا_ط_ئ_ة_‬ h_ s_m_h l_k b_a_t_d_h_n f_ a_t_y_? ‫هل سمح لك بالتدخين في الطائرة؟‬ hl samah lak bialtadkhin fi altayr? ‫__ س__ ل_ ب_______ ف_ ا________ h_ s____ l__ b__________ f_ a______ ‫هل سمح لك بالتدخين في الطائرة؟‬ hl samah lak bialtadkhin fi altayr? ___ ___ __ ________ __ _________ __ _____ ___ ___________ __ _______ ‫هل سمح لك بالتدخين في الطائرة؟‬ hl samah lak bialtadkhin fi altayr?
Were you allowed to drink beer in the hospital	‫_ل س_ح ل_ ب_ر_ ا_ب_ر_ ف_ ا_م_ف_؟_ h_ s_m_h l_k b_s_a_b a_b_r_t f_ a_m_s_f_a_ ‫هل سمح لك بشرب البيرة في المشفى؟‬ hl samah lak bisharb albirat fi almashfaa؟ ‫__ س__ ل_ ب___ ا_____ ف_ ا_______ h_ s____ l__ b______ a______ f_ a_________ ‫هل سمح لك بشرب البيرة في المشفى؟‬ hl samah lak bisharb albirat fi almashfaa؟ ___ ___ __ ____ ______ __ ________ __ _____ ___ _______ _______ __ __________ ‫هل سمح لك بشرب البيرة في المشفى؟‬ hl samah lak bisharb albirat fi almashfaa؟
Were you allowed to take the dog into the hotel?	‫_ل س_ح ل_ ب_د_ا_ ا_ك_ب إ_ى ا_ف_د_؟_ h_ s_m_h l_k b_'_i_k_a_ a_k_l_ '_i_a_ a_f_d_? ‫هل سمح لك بإدخال الكلب إلى الفندق؟‬ hl samah lak bi'iidkhal alkalb 'iilaa alfndq? ‫__ س__ ل_ ب_____ ا____ إ__ ا_______ h_ s____ l__ b_________ a_____ '_____ a______ ‫هل سمح لك بإدخال الكلب إلى الفندق؟‬ hl samah lak bi'iidkhal alkalb 'iilaa alfndq? ___ ___ __ ______ _____ ___ ________ __ _____ ___ __________ ______ ______ _______ ‫هل سمح لك بإدخال الكلب إلى الفندق؟‬ hl samah lak bi'iidkhal alkalb 'iilaa alfndq?

During the holidays the children were allowed to remain outside late.	‫_ل_ل ا_ع_ل_ ا_م_ر_ي_ س_ح ل_ط_ا_ ا_ب_ا_ ف_ ا_خ_ر_ ل_ت_ة ط_ي_ة_‬ k_l_l a_e_t_a_ a_m_d_a_i_t s_m_h l_'_t_a_ a_b_q_' f_ a_k_a_i_ l_f_t_a_ t_w_l_t_ ‫خلال العطلة المدرسية سمح لأطفال البقاء في الخارج لفترة طويلة.‬ khlal aleutlat almadrasiat samah li'atfal albaqa' fi alkharij lifatrat tawilat. ‫____ ا_____ ا_______ س__ ل_____ ا_____ ف_ ا_____ ل____ ط______ k____ a_______ a__________ s____ l_______ a______ f_ a_______ l_______ t_______ ‫خلال العطلة المدرسية سمح لأطفال البقاء في الخارج لفترة طويلة.‬ khlal aleutlat almadrasiat samah li'atfal albaqa' fi alkharij lifatrat tawilat. _____ ______ ________ ___ ______ ______ __ ______ _____ _______ _____ ________ ___________ _____ ________ _______ __ ________ ________ ________ ‫خلال العطلة المدرسية سمح لأطفال البقاء في الخارج لفترة طويلة.‬ khlal aleutlat almadrasiat samah li'atfal albaqa' fi alkharij lifatrat tawilat.
They were allowed to play in the yard for a long time.	‫_ق_ س_ح ل_م ا_ل_ب ف_ ص_ن ا_د_ر_‬ w_a_ s_m_h l_h_m a_l_e_ f_ s_h_ a_d_a_. ‫وقد سمح لهم اللعب في صحن الدار.‬ wqad samah lahum allaeb fi sihn aldaar. ‫___ س__ ل__ ا____ ف_ ص__ ا______ w___ s____ l____ a_____ f_ s___ a______ ‫وقد سمح لهم اللعب في صحن الدار.‬ wqad samah lahum allaeb fi sihn aldaar. ____ ___ ___ _____ __ ___ _______ ____ _____ _____ ______ __ ____ _______ ‫وقد سمح لهم اللعب في صحن الدار.‬ wqad samah lahum allaeb fi sihn aldaar.
They were allowed to stay up late.	‫_م_ س_ح ل_م ا_س_ر ط_ي_ا_._ k_a s_m_h l_h_m a_s_h_ t_y_a_n_ ‫كما سمح لهم السهر طويلاً.‬ kma samah lahum alsahr twylaan. ‫___ س__ ل__ ا____ ط_______ k__ s____ l____ a_____ t_______ ‫كما سمح لهم السهر طويلاً.‬ kma samah lahum alsahr twylaan. ____ ___ ___ _____ ________ ___ _____ _____ ______ ________ ‫كما سمح لهم السهر طويلاً.‬ kma samah lahum alsahr twylaan.

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Babies can learn grammar rules

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