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68 [sixty-eight]

big – small

‫68 [اڑسٹھ]‬ arsath	‫بڑا – چھوٹا‬ bara chhota

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Two languages = two speech centers!

It doesn't matter to our brain when we learn a language. This is because it has different storage areas for different languages. Not all the languages we learn are stored together. Languages we learn as adults have their own storage area. That means the brain processes the new rules in a different place. They aren't stored with the native language. People who grow up bilingual, on the other hand, only use one region of the brain. Multiple studies have come to this conclusion. Neuroscientists examined various test subjects. These subjects spoke two languages fluently. One part of the test group, however, had grown up with both languages. The other part, in contrast, had learned the second language later in life. Researchers could measure brain activity during language tests. This way they could see which areas of the brain functioned during the tests. And they saw that the "late" learners had two speech centers! Researchers had already long suspected that this would be so. People with brain injuries show different symptoms. So, damage to the brain can also lead to speech problems. Those affected can't pronounce or understand words as well. But bilingual accident victims sometimes show unusual symptoms. Their speech problems don't always affect both languages. If only one area of the brain is injured, the other can still function. Then the patients speak one language better than the other. The two different languages are also re-learned at different speeds. This proves that both languages aren't stored in the same place. Since they weren't learned at the same time, they form two centers. It is still unknown how our brain manages multiple languages. But new findings could lead to new learning strategies.

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big and small	‫_ڑ_ ا_ر چ_و_ا_ b_r_ a_r c_h_t_ ‫بڑا اور چھوٹا‬ bara aur chhota ‫___ ا__ چ_____ b___ a__ c_____ ‫بڑا اور چھوٹا‬ bara aur chhota ____ ___ ______ ____ ___ ______ ‫بڑا اور چھوٹا‬ bara aur chhota
The elephant is big.	‫_ا_ھ_ ب_ا ہ_ -_ h_t_i b_r_ h_i - ‫ہاتھی بڑا ہے -‬ hathi bara hai - ‫_____ ب__ ہ_ -_ h____ b___ h__ - ‫ہاتھی بڑا ہے -‬ hathi bara hai - ______ ___ __ __ _____ ____ ___ _ ‫ہاتھی بڑا ہے -‬ hathi bara hai -
The mouse is small.	‫_و_ا چ_و_ا ہ_ -_ c_o_h_ c_h_t_ h_i - ‫چوہا چھوٹا ہے -‬ chooha chhota hai - ‫____ چ____ ہ_ -_ c_____ c_____ h__ - ‫چوہا چھوٹا ہے -‬ chooha chhota hai - _____ _____ __ __ ______ ______ ___ _ ‫چوہا چھوٹا ہے -‬ chooha chhota hai -

dark and bright	‫_ن_ھ_ر_ – ا_ا_ہ (_و_ن_‬ a_d_e_a u_a_l ( r_s_a_ ) ‫اندھیرا – اجالہ (روشن)‬ andhera ujaal ( roshan ) ‫_______ – ا____ (______ a______ u____ ( r_____ ) ‫اندھیرا – اجالہ (روشن)‬ andhera ujaal ( roshan ) ________ _ _____ _______ _______ _____ _ ______ _ ‫اندھیرا – اجالہ (روشن)‬ andhera ujaal ( roshan )
The night is dark.	‫_ا_ ا_د_ی_ی ہ_ -_ r_a_ a_d_e_i h_i - ‫رات اندھیری ہے -‬ raat andheri hai - ‫___ ا______ ہ_ -_ r___ a______ h__ - ‫رات اندھیری ہے -‬ raat andheri hai - ____ _______ __ __ ____ _______ ___ _ ‫رات اندھیری ہے -‬ raat andheri hai -
The day is bright.	‫_ن ر_ش_ ہ_ -_ d_n r_s_a_ h_i - ‫دن روشن ہے -‬ din roshan hai - ‫__ ر___ ہ_ -_ d__ r_____ h__ - ‫دن روشن ہے -‬ din roshan hai - ___ ____ __ __ ___ ______ ___ _ ‫دن روشن ہے -‬ din roshan hai -

old and young	‫_و_ھ_ ا_ر ج_ا_‬ b_o_h_ a_r j_w_n ‫بوڑھا اور جوان‬ boorha aur jawan ‫_____ ا__ ج____ b_____ a__ j____ ‫بوڑھا اور جوان‬ boorha aur jawan ______ ___ _____ ______ ___ _____ ‫بوڑھا اور جوان‬ boorha aur jawan
Our grandfather is very old.	‫_م_ر_ د_د_ ب_ت ب_ڑ_ے ہ_ں -_ h_m_r_y d_d_ b_h_t b_o_h_y h_i_ - ‫ہمارے دادا بہت بوڑھے ہیں -‬ hamaray dada bohat boorhay hain - ‫_____ د___ ب__ ب____ ہ__ -_ h______ d___ b____ b______ h___ - ‫ہمارے دادا بہت بوڑھے ہیں -‬ hamaray dada bohat boorhay hain - ______ ____ ___ _____ ___ __ _______ ____ _____ _______ ____ _ ‫ہمارے دادا بہت بوڑھے ہیں -‬ hamaray dada bohat boorhay hain -
70 years ago he was still young.	‫_ت_ س_ل پ_ل_ و_ ج_ا_ ت_ے -_ s_t_a_ s_a_ p_h_a_ w_h j_w_n t_a_ - ‫ستر سال پہلے وہ جوان تھے -‬ sattar saal pehlay woh jawan thay - ‫___ س__ پ___ و_ ج___ ت__ -_ s_____ s___ p_____ w__ j____ t___ - ‫ستر سال پہلے وہ جوان تھے -‬ sattar saal pehlay woh jawan thay - ____ ___ ____ __ ____ ___ __ ______ ____ ______ ___ _____ ____ _ ‫ستر سال پہلے وہ جوان تھے -‬ sattar saal pehlay woh jawan thay -

beautiful and ugly	‫_و_ص_ر_ ا_ر ب_ص_ر_‬ k_o_s_r_t a_r b_d_o_r_t ‫خوبصورت اور بدصورت‬ khobsorat aur badsoorat ‫_______ ا__ ب______ k________ a__ b________ ‫خوبصورت اور بدصورت‬ khobsorat aur badsoorat ________ ___ _______ _________ ___ _________ ‫خوبصورت اور بدصورت‬ khobsorat aur badsoorat
The butterfly is beautiful.	‫_ت_ی خ_ب_و_ت ہ_ -_ t_t_e_ k_o_s_r_t h_i - ‫تتلی خوبصورت ہے -‬ titlee khobsorat hai - ‫____ خ______ ہ_ -_ t_____ k________ h__ - ‫تتلی خوبصورت ہے -‬ titlee khobsorat hai - _____ _______ __ __ ______ _________ ___ _ ‫تتلی خوبصورت ہے -‬ titlee khobsorat hai -
The spider is ugly.	‫_ک_ی ب_ص_ر_ ہ_ -_ m_k_i b_d_o_r_t h_i - ‫مکڑی بدصورت ہے -‬ makri badsoorat hai - ‫____ ب_____ ہ_ -_ m____ b________ h__ - ‫مکڑی بدصورت ہے -‬ makri badsoorat hai - _____ ______ __ __ _____ _________ ___ _ ‫مکڑی بدصورت ہے -‬ makri badsoorat hai -

fat and thin	‫_و_ا ا_ر د_ل_‬ m_t_ a_r d_b_a ‫موٹا اور دبلا‬ mota aur dubla ‫____ ا__ د____ m___ a__ d____ ‫موٹا اور دبلا‬ mota aur dubla _____ ___ _____ ____ ___ _____ ‫موٹا اور دبلا‬ mota aur dubla
A woman who weighs a hundred kilos is fat.	‫_و ک_و و_ن ک_ ع_ر_ م_ٹ_ ہ_ت_ ہ_ -_ s_ k_l_ k_ a_r_t m_u_i h_t_ h_i - ‫سو کلو وزن کی عورت موٹی ہوتی ہے -‬ so kilo ki aurat mouti hoti hai - ‫__ ک__ و__ ک_ ع___ م___ ہ___ ہ_ -_ s_ k___ k_ a____ m____ h___ h__ - ‫سو کلو وزن کی عورت موٹی ہوتی ہے -‬ so kilo ki aurat mouti hoti hai - ___ ___ ___ __ ____ ____ ____ __ __ __ ____ __ _____ _____ ____ ___ _ ‫سو کلو وزن کی عورت موٹی ہوتی ہے -‬ so kilo ki aurat mouti hoti hai -
A man who weighs fifty kilos is thin.	‫_چ_س ک_و و_ن ک_ م_د د_ل_ ہ_ت_ ہ_ -_ p_c_a_s k_l_ k_ m_r_ d_b_a h_t_ h_i - ‫پچاس کلو وزن کا مرد دبلا ہوتا ہے -‬ pachaas kilo ka mard dubla hota hai - ‫____ ک__ و__ ک_ م__ د___ ہ___ ہ_ -_ p______ k___ k_ m___ d____ h___ h__ - ‫پچاس کلو وزن کا مرد دبلا ہوتا ہے -‬ pachaas kilo ka mard dubla hota hai - _____ ___ ___ __ ___ ____ ____ __ __ _______ ____ __ ____ _____ ____ ___ _ ‫پچاس کلو وزن کا مرد دبلا ہوتا ہے -‬ pachaas kilo ka mard dubla hota hai -

expensive and cheap	‫_ہ_گ_ ا_ر س_ت_‬ m_h_n_a a_r s_s_a ‫مہنگا اور سستا‬ mehanga aur sasta ‫_____ ا__ س____ m______ a__ s____ ‫مہنگا اور سستا‬ mehanga aur sasta ______ ___ _____ _______ ___ _____ ‫مہنگا اور سستا‬ mehanga aur sasta
The car is expensive.	‫_ا_ی م_ن_ی ہ_ -_ g_a_i m_h_g_ h_i - ‫گاڑی مہنگی ہے -‬ gaari mehngi hai - ‫____ م____ ہ_ -_ g____ m_____ h__ - ‫گاڑی مہنگی ہے -‬ gaari mehngi hai - _____ _____ __ __ _____ ______ ___ _ ‫گاڑی مہنگی ہے -‬ gaari mehngi hai -
The newspaper is cheap.	‫_خ_ا_ س_ت_ ہ_ -_ a_h_a_ s_s_a h_i - ‫اخبار سستا ہے -‬ akhbar sasta hai - ‫_____ س___ ہ_ -_ a_____ s____ h__ - ‫اخبار سستا ہے -‬ akhbar sasta hai - ______ ____ __ __ ______ _____ ___ _ ‫اخبار سستا ہے -‬ akhbar sasta hai -

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Two languages = two speech centers!

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