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56 [fifty-six]

Feelings

56 [sechsundfünfzig]	Gefühle

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The language of our ancestors

Modern languages can be analyzed by linguists. Various methods are used to do so. But how did people speak thousands of years ago? It is much more difficult to answer this question. Despite this, scientists have been busy researching for years. They would like to explore how people spoke earlier. In order to do this, they attempt to reconstruct ancient speech forms. American scientists have now made an exciting discovery. They analyzed more than 2,000 languages. In particular they analyzed the sentence structure of the languages. The results of their study were very interesting. About half of the languages had the S-O-V sentence structure. That is to say, the sentences are ordered by subject, object and verb. More than 700 languages follow the pattern S-V-O. And about 160 languages operate according to the V-S-O system. Only about 40 languages use the V-O-S pattern. 120 languages display a hybrid. On the other hand, O-V-S and O-S-V are distinctly rarer systems. The majority of the analyzed languages use the S-O-V principle. Persian, Japanese and Turkish are some examples. Most living languages follow the S-V-O pattern, however. This sentence structure dominates the Indo-European language family today. Researchers believe that the S-O-V model was used earlier. All languages are based on this system. But then the languages diverged. We don't yet know how that happened. However, the variation of sentence structures must have had a reason. Because in evolution, only that which has an advantage prevails…

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to feel like / want to	L_s_ h_b_n Lust haben L___ h____ Lust haben ____ _____ Lust haben
We feel like. / We want to.	W_r h_b_n L_s_. Wir haben Lust. W__ h____ L____ Wir haben Lust. ___ _____ _____ Wir haben Lust.
We don’t feel like. / We do’t want to.	W_r h_b_n k_i_e L_s_. Wir haben keine Lust. W__ h____ k____ L____ Wir haben keine Lust. ___ _____ _____ _____ Wir haben keine Lust.

to be afraid	A_g_t h_b_n Angst haben A____ h____ Angst haben _____ _____ Angst haben
I’m afraid.	I_h h_b_ A_g_t_ Ich habe Angst. I__ h___ A_____ Ich habe Angst. ___ ____ ______ Ich habe Angst.
I am not afraid.	I_h h_b_ k_i_e A_g_t_ Ich habe keine Angst. I__ h___ k____ A_____ Ich habe keine Angst. ___ ____ _____ ______ Ich habe keine Angst.

to have time	Z_i_ h_b_n Zeit haben Z___ h____ Zeit haben ____ _____ Zeit haben
He has time.	E_ h_t Z_i_. Er hat Zeit. E_ h__ Z____ Er hat Zeit. __ ___ _____ Er hat Zeit.
He has no time.	E_ h_t k_i_e Z_i_. Er hat keine Zeit. E_ h__ k____ Z____ Er hat keine Zeit. __ ___ _____ _____ Er hat keine Zeit.

to be bored	L_n_e_e_l_ h_b_n Langeweile haben L_________ h____ Langeweile haben __________ _____ Langeweile haben
She is bored.	S_e h_t L_n_e_e_l_. Sie hat Langeweile. S__ h__ L__________ Sie hat Langeweile. ___ ___ ___________ Sie hat Langeweile.
She is not bored.	S_e h_t k_i_e L_n_e_e_l_. Sie hat keine Langeweile. S__ h__ k____ L__________ Sie hat keine Langeweile. ___ ___ _____ ___________ Sie hat keine Langeweile.

to be hungry	H_n_e_ h_b_n Hunger haben H_____ h____ Hunger haben ______ _____ Hunger haben
Are you hungry	H_b_ i_r H_n_e_? Habt ihr Hunger? H___ i__ H______ Habt ihr Hunger? ____ ___ _______ Habt ihr Hunger?
Aren’t you hungry	H_b_ i_r k_i_e_ H_n_e_? Habt ihr keinen Hunger? H___ i__ k_____ H______ Habt ihr keinen Hunger? ____ ___ ______ _______ Habt ihr keinen Hunger?

to be thirsty	D_r_t h_b_n Durst haben D____ h____ Durst haben _____ _____ Durst haben
They are thirsty.	S_e h_b_n D_r_t_ Sie haben Durst. S__ h____ D_____ Sie haben Durst. ___ _____ ______ Sie haben Durst.
They are not thirsty.	S_e h_b_n k_i_e_ D_r_t_ Sie haben keinen Durst. S__ h____ k_____ D_____ Sie haben keinen Durst. ___ _____ ______ ______ Sie haben keinen Durst.

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The language of our ancestors

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