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15[十五]

水果和食品　（复数）

15 [fifteen]	Fruits and food

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词语和词汇量

每种语言都有各自的词汇量。词汇量由一定数目的词语构成。一个词语就是一个独立的语言单位。词语总是具有独立的含义。这让它区分于音素或音节。不同语言中的词语总量差别很大。比如，英语就拥有数目非凡的词语。英语甚至是词汇量排行榜上的世界冠军。据估算，英语词汇量超过了一百万。光是牛津英语字典就收录了60多万个单词。汉语，西班牙语或俄语的词汇量则小得多。一种语言词汇量的大小由它本身的历史所决定。英语曾经受过多种语言和文化的影响。因此它的词汇量得到明显增长。直至今日，英语的词汇量仍在不断增大。据专家估算，英语里每天都有15个新词语产生。这些新词语主要来自新媒体领域。科学术语并未计算在内。因为光是化学专业术语就有数以万计的词汇产生。几乎在所有语言里，长单词的使用率要比短单词小。并且在说话时，大多数人都只使用极少量的词汇。因此我们能区分积极词汇和消极词汇。消极词汇包含着我们所能理解的词语。但我们不使用或极少使用它们。积极词汇包含着我们经常使用的词语。在简单对话或文章里，使用少量词汇就已经足够了。比如在英语里，人们只需要大概400个单词和40个动词。所以，如果您的词汇量有限，那也别担心！

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我有一个草莓。	I h_v_ a s_r_w_e_r_. I have a strawberry. I h___ a s__________ I have a strawberry. _ ____ _ ___________ I have a strawberry.
我有一个猕猴桃和一个甜瓜。	I h_v_ a k_w_ a_d a m_l_n_ I have a kiwi and a melon. I h___ a k___ a__ a m_____ I have a kiwi and a melon. _ ____ _ ____ ___ _ ______ I have a kiwi and a melon.
我有一个橙子和一个葡萄柚。	I h_v_ a_ o_a_g_ a_d a g_a_e_r_i_. I have an orange and a grapefruit. I h___ a_ o_____ a__ a g__________ I have an orange and a grapefruit. _ ____ __ ______ ___ _ ___________ I have an orange and a grapefruit.

我有一个苹果和一个芒果。	I h_v_ a_ a_p_e a_d a m_n_o_ I have an apple and a mango. I h___ a_ a____ a__ a m_____ I have an apple and a mango. _ ____ __ _____ ___ _ ______ I have an apple and a mango.
我有一个香蕉和一个菠萝。	I h_v_ a b_n_n_ a_d a p_n_a_p_e_ I have a banana and a pineapple. I h___ a b_____ a__ a p_________ I have a banana and a pineapple. _ ____ _ ______ ___ _ __________ I have a banana and a pineapple.
我做一个水果色拉。	I a_ m_k_n_ a f_u_t s_l_d_ I am making a fruit salad. I a_ m_____ a f____ s_____ I am making a fruit salad. _ __ ______ _ _____ ______ I am making a fruit salad.

我吃一个烤面包。	I a_ e_t_n_ t_a_t_ I am eating toast. I a_ e_____ t_____ I am eating toast. _ __ ______ ______ I am eating toast.
我吃一个加黄油的烤面包。	I a_ e_t_n_ t_a_t w_t_ b_t_e_. I am eating toast with butter. I a_ e_____ t____ w___ b______ I am eating toast with butter. _ __ ______ _____ ____ _______ I am eating toast with butter.
我吃一个加黄油和果酱的烤面包。	I a_ e_t_n_ t_a_t w_t_ b_t_e_ a_d j_m_ I am eating toast with butter and jam. I a_ e_____ t____ w___ b_____ a__ j___ I am eating toast with butter and jam. _ __ ______ _____ ____ ______ ___ ____ I am eating toast with butter and jam.

我吃一个三明治。	I a_ e_t_n_ a s_n_w_c_. I am eating a sandwich. I a_ e_____ a s________ I am eating a sandwich. _ __ ______ _ _________ I am eating a sandwich.
我吃一个加植物黄油的三明治。	I a_ e_t_n_ a s_n_w_c_ w_t_ m_r_a_i_e_ I am eating a sandwich with margarine. I a_ e_____ a s_______ w___ m_________ I am eating a sandwich with margarine. _ __ ______ _ ________ ____ __________ I am eating a sandwich with margarine.
我吃一个加植物黄油和西红柿的三明治。	I a_ e_t_n_ a s_n_w_c_ w_t_ m_r_a_i_e a_d t_m_t_e_. I am eating a sandwich with margarine and tomatoes. I a_ e_____ a s_______ w___ m________ a__ t________ I am eating a sandwich with margarine and tomatoes. _ __ ______ _ ________ ____ _________ ___ _________ I am eating a sandwich with margarine and tomatoes.

我们需要面包和大米。	W_ n_e_ b_e_d a_d r_c_. We need bread and rice. W_ n___ b____ a__ r____ We need bread and rice. __ ____ _____ ___ _____ We need bread and rice.
我们需要鱼和一些肉排。	W_ n_e_ f_s_ a_d s_e_k_. We need fish and steaks. W_ n___ f___ a__ s______ We need fish and steaks. __ ____ ____ ___ _______ We need fish and steaks.
我们需要比萨饼和意大利面条。	W_ n_e_ p_z_a a_d s_a_h_t_i_ We need pizza and spaghetti. W_ n___ p____ a__ s_________ We need pizza and spaghetti. __ ____ _____ ___ __________ We need pizza and spaghetti.

我们还需要什么 ?	W_a_ e_s_ d_ w_ n_e_? What else do we need? W___ e___ d_ w_ n____ What else do we need? ____ ____ __ __ _____ What else do we need?
我们需要一些胡萝卜和一些西红柿来熬汤。	W_ n_e_ c_r_o_s a_d t_m_t_e_ f_r t_e s_u_. We need carrots and tomatoes for the soup. W_ n___ c______ a__ t_______ f__ t__ s____ We need carrots and tomatoes for the soup. __ ____ _______ ___ ________ ___ ___ _____ We need carrots and tomatoes for the soup.
哪里有超市？	W_e_e i_ t_e s_p_r_a_k_t_ Where is the supermarket? W____ i_ t__ s___________ Where is the supermarket? _____ __ ___ ____________ Where is the supermarket?

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词语和词汇量

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