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82[八十二]

过去时2

82 [eighty-two]	Past tense 2

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消极词语不会被翻译成母语

多语言者在阅读时会不自觉地把外语翻译成母语。这个过程是自动发生的，以至于他毫无觉察。可以说，大脑就像一个同传译员一样工作。但是，大脑不会翻译所有的内容！一项研究发现，大脑有着内置过滤系统。该过滤系统会决定翻译什么样的内容。并且看起来，它会忽略掉某些词语。比如消极的词语就不会被翻译成母语。研究人员挑选了汉语母语者作为实验对象。所有的实验对象都能说第二外语英语。实验对象必须对各种英文词语做评价。这些英文词语有着不同的情感内容。其中有积极词语，消极词语和中性词语。当实验对象阅读这些词语时，他们的大脑会被研究。也就是说，研究人员会测量大脑电波活动。通过测量就能知道大脑是如何运作的。实验对象的大脑在对词语进行翻译时会产生特定的脑电波信号。这个信号显示大脑正处活跃状态。但是，在读到消极词语时，实验对象的大脑并没有产生活动信号。而是只有在读到积极词语或中性词语时大脑才会进行翻译。研究人员仍未了解其中缘由。理论上，大脑应该同样地处理所有的词语。也有可能是，大脑中的过滤系统快速对每个词语做了检查。当人们正在读外语词语时，该词语就会被过滤系统分析。如果某个词语的意义是消极的，大脑记忆就会被阻断。这样就不能转化成相对应的母语词语。人类对词语的反应是相当敏感的。也许这是因为大脑想保护人类避免情绪刺激......

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你得要叫救护车吗？	D_d y_u h_v_ t_ c_l_ a_ a_b_l_n_e_ Did you have to call an ambulance? D__ y__ h___ t_ c___ a_ a_________ Did you have to call an ambulance? ___ ___ ____ __ ____ __ __________ Did you have to call an ambulance?
你得要找医生吗？	D_d y_u h_v_ t_ c_l_ t_e d_c_o_? Did you have to call the doctor? D__ y__ h___ t_ c___ t__ d______ Did you have to call the doctor? ___ ___ ____ __ ____ ___ _______ Did you have to call the doctor?
你得要找警察吗？	D_d y_u h_v_ t_ c_l_ t_e p_l_c_? Did you have to call the police? D__ y__ h___ t_ c___ t__ p______ Did you have to call the police? ___ ___ ____ __ ____ ___ _______ Did you have to call the police?

您有那个电话号码吗？我刚才还有那个电话号码。	D_ y_u h_v_ t_e t_l_p_o_e n_m_e_? I h_d i_ j_s_ n_w_ Do you have the telephone number? I had it just now. D_ y__ h___ t__ t________ n______ I h__ i_ j___ n___ Do you have the telephone number? I had it just now. __ ___ ____ ___ _________ _______ _ ___ __ ____ ____ Do you have the telephone number? I had it just now.
您有地址吗？我刚才还有那个地址。	D_ y_u h_v_ t_e a_d_e_s_ I h_d i_ j_s_ n_w_ Do you have the address? I had it just now. D_ y__ h___ t__ a_______ I h__ i_ j___ n___ Do you have the address? I had it just now. __ ___ ____ ___ ________ _ ___ __ ____ ____ Do you have the address? I had it just now.
您有城市旅游指南吗？我刚才还有。	D_ y_u h_v_ t_e c_t_ m_p_ I h_d i_ j_s_ n_w_ Do you have the city map? I had it just now. D_ y__ h___ t__ c___ m___ I h__ i_ j___ n___ Do you have the city map? I had it just now. __ ___ ____ ___ ____ ____ _ ___ __ ____ ____ Do you have the city map? I had it just now.

他来得准时吗？他没能准时来。	D_d h_ c_m_ o_ t_m_? H_ c_u_d n_t c_m_ o_ t_m_. Did he come on time? He could not come on time. D__ h_ c___ o_ t____ H_ c____ n__ c___ o_ t____ Did he come on time? He could not come on time. ___ __ ____ __ _____ __ _____ ___ ____ __ _____ Did he come on time? He could not come on time.
他找到路了吗？他没能找到路。	D_d h_ f_n_ t_e w_y_ H_ c_u_d n_t f_n_ t_e w_y_ Did he find the way? He could not find the way. D__ h_ f___ t__ w___ H_ c____ n__ f___ t__ w___ Did he find the way? He could not find the way. ___ __ ____ ___ ____ __ _____ ___ ____ ___ ____ Did he find the way? He could not find the way.
他听懂你说的话了吗？他没听懂我说的话。	D_d h_ u_d_r_t_n_ y_u_ H_ c_u_d n_t u_d_r_t_n_ m_. Did he understand you? He could not understand me. D__ h_ u_________ y___ H_ c____ n__ u_________ m__ Did he understand you? He could not understand me. ___ __ __________ ____ __ _____ ___ __________ ___ Did he understand you? He could not understand me.

你为什么没能够准时来呢？	W_y c_u_d y_u n_t c_m_ o_ t_m_? Why could you not come on time? W__ c____ y__ n__ c___ o_ t____ Why could you not come on time? ___ _____ ___ ___ ____ __ _____ Why could you not come on time?
你为什么没有能找到路呢？	W_y c_u_d y_u n_t f_n_ t_e w_y_ Why could you not find the way? W__ c____ y__ n__ f___ t__ w___ Why could you not find the way? ___ _____ ___ ___ ____ ___ ____ Why could you not find the way?
你为什么没听懂他说的话呢？	W_y c_u_d y_u n_t u_d_r_t_n_ h_m_ Why could you not understand him? W__ c____ y__ n__ u_________ h___ Why could you not understand him? ___ _____ ___ ___ __________ ____ Why could you not understand him?

我没能准时来，因为当时没有公共汽车。	I c_u_d n_t c_m_ o_ t_m_ b_c_u_e t_e_e w_r_ n_ b_s_s_ I could not come on time because there were no buses. I c____ n__ c___ o_ t___ b______ t____ w___ n_ b_____ I could not come on time because there were no buses. _ _____ ___ ____ __ ____ _______ _____ ____ __ ______ I could not come on time because there were no buses.
我没能找到路，因为我当时没有城市交通图。	I c_u_d n_t f_n_ t_e w_y b_c_u_e I h_d n_ c_t_ m_p_ I could not find the way because I had no city map. I c____ n__ f___ t__ w__ b______ I h__ n_ c___ m___ I could not find the way because I had no city map. _ _____ ___ ____ ___ ___ _______ _ ___ __ ____ ____ I could not find the way because I had no city map.
我没有听懂他说的，因为当时音乐太吵了。	I c_u_d n_t u_d_r_t_n_ h_m b_c_u_e t_e m_s_c w_s s_ l_u_. I could not understand him because the music was so loud. I c____ n__ u_________ h__ b______ t__ m____ w__ s_ l____ I could not understand him because the music was so loud. _ _____ ___ __________ ___ _______ ___ _____ ___ __ _____ I could not understand him because the music was so loud.

我当时必须坐出租车。	I h_d t_ t_k_ a t_x_. I had to take a taxi. I h__ t_ t___ a t____ I had to take a taxi. _ ___ __ ____ _ _____ I had to take a taxi.
我当时必须买一张城市交通指南。	I h_d t_ b_y a c_t_ m_p_ I had to buy a city map. I h__ t_ b__ a c___ m___ I had to buy a city map. _ ___ __ ___ _ ____ ____ I had to buy a city map.
我当时必须把收音机关掉。	I h_d t_ s_i_c_ o_f t_e r_d_o_ I had to switch off the radio. I h__ t_ s_____ o__ t__ r_____ I had to switch off the radio. _ ___ __ ______ ___ ___ ______ I had to switch off the radio.

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消极词语不会被翻译成母语

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