English US » Czech | 81 [eighty-one] | Past tense 1

81 [osmdesát jedna] Minulý čas 1

to write	psát
He wrote a letter.	Psal dopis.
And she wrote a card.	A ona psala pohled.
to read	číst
He read a magazine.	Četl časopis.
And she read a book.	A ona četla knihu.
to take	vzít / vzít si
He took a cigarette.	Vzal si cigaretu.
She took a piece of chocolate.	Vzala si kousek čokolády.
He was disloyal, but she was loyal.	Byl nevěrný, ale ona byla věrná.
He was lazy, but she was hard-working.	Byl líný, ale ona byla pilná.
He was poor, but she was rich.	Byl chudý, ale ona byla bohatá.
He had no money, only debts.	Neměl žádné peníze, jen dluhy.
He had no luck, only bad luck.	Neměl štěstí, jen smůlu.
He had no success, only failure.	Neměl žádný úspěch, jen neúspěch.
He was not satisfied, but dissatisfied.	Nebyl spokojený, nýbrž nespokojený.
He was not happy, but sad.	Nebyl šťastný, nýbrž nešťastný.
He was not friendly, but unfriendly.	Nebyl sympatický, nýbrž nesympatický.

The history of linguistics

Languages have always fascinated mankind. The history of linguistics is therefore very long. Linguistics is the systematic study of language. Even thousands of years ago people contemplated language. In doing so, different cultures developed different systems. As a result, different descriptions of languages emerged. Today's linguistics are based on ancient theories more than anything else. Many traditions were established in Greece in particular. The oldest known work about language comes from India, however. It was written 3,000 years ago by the grammarian Sakatayana. In ancient times, philosophers like Plato busied themselves with languages. Later, Roman authors developed their theories further. Arabians, too, developed their own traditions in the 8th century. Even then, their works show precise descriptions of the Arabian language. In modern times, man particularly wanted to research where language comes from. Scholars were especially interested in the history of language. In the 18th century, people started to compare languages with each other. They wanted to understand how languages develop. Later they concentrated on languages as a system. The question of how languages function was the focal point. Today, a great number of schools of thought exist within linguistics. Many new disciplines have developed since the fifties. These were in part strongly influenced by other sciences. Examples are psycholinguistics or intercultural communication. The newer linguistic schools of thought are very specialized. One example of this is feminist linguistics. So the history of linguistics continues… As long as there are languages, man will contemplate them!