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MP3 About the book

82 [eighty-two]

Past tense 2

 

82 [ottantadue]@82 [eighty-two]
82 [ottantadue]

Passato 2

 

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Did you have to call an ambulance?
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Did you have to call the doctor?
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Did you have to call the police?
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Do you have the telephone number? I had it just now.
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Do you have the address? I had it just now.
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Do you have the city map? I had it just now.
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Did he come on time? He could not come on time.
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Did he find the way? He could not find the way.
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Did he understand you? He could not understand me.
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Why could you not come on time?
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Why could you not find the way?
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Why could you not understand him?
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I could not come on time because there were no buses.
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I could not find the way because I had no city map.
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I could not understand him because the music was so loud.
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I had to take a taxi.
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I had to buy a city map.
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I had to switch off the radio.
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  Did you have to call an ambulance?
H_i   d_v_t_   c_i_m_r_   l_a_b_l_n_a_   
   
Hai dovuto chiamare l’ambulanza?
H__   d_____   c_______   l___________   
   
Hai dovuto chiamare l’ambulanza?
___   ______   ________   ____________   
   
Hai dovuto chiamare l’ambulanza?
  Did you have to call the doctor?
H_i   d_v_t_   c_i_m_r_   i_   m_d_c_?   
   
Hai dovuto chiamare il medico?
H__   d_____   c_______   i_   m______   
   
Hai dovuto chiamare il medico?
___   ______   ________   __   _______   
   
Hai dovuto chiamare il medico?
  Did you have to call the police?
H_i   d_v_t_   c_i_m_r_   l_   p_l_z_a_   
   
Hai dovuto chiamare la polizia?
H__   d_____   c_______   l_   p_______   
   
Hai dovuto chiamare la polizia?
___   ______   ________   __   ________   
   
Hai dovuto chiamare la polizia?
 
 
 
 
  Do you have the telephone number? I had it just now.
H_   i_   n_m_r_   d_   t_l_f_n_?   U_   m_m_n_o   f_   c_   l_a_e_o_   
   
Ha il numero di telefono? Un momento fa ce l’avevo.
H_   i_   n_____   d_   t________   U_   m______   f_   c_   l_______   
   
Ha il numero di telefono? Un momento fa ce l’avevo.
__   __   ______   __   _________   __   _______   __   __   ________   
   
Ha il numero di telefono? Un momento fa ce l’avevo.
  Do you have the address? I had it just now.
H_   l_i_d_r_z_o_   U_   m_m_n_o   f_   c_   l_a_e_o_   
   
Ha l’indirizzo? Un momento fa ce l’avevo.
H_   l___________   U_   m______   f_   c_   l_______   
   
Ha l’indirizzo? Un momento fa ce l’avevo.
__   ____________   __   _______   __   __   ________   
   
Ha l’indirizzo? Un momento fa ce l’avevo.
  Do you have the city map? I had it just now.
H_   l_   p_a_t_   d_l_a   c_t_à_   U_   m_m_n_o   f_   c_   l_a_e_o_   
   
Ha la pianta della città? Un momento fa ce l’avevo.
H_   l_   p_____   d____   c_____   U_   m______   f_   c_   l_______   
   
Ha la pianta della città? Un momento fa ce l’avevo.
__   __   ______   _____   ______   __   _______   __   __   ________   
   
Ha la pianta della città? Un momento fa ce l’avevo.
 
 
 
 
  Did he come on time? He could not come on time.
È   s_a_o   p_n_u_l_?   N_n   è   r_u_c_t_   a_   e_s_r_   p_n_u_l_.   
   
È stato puntuale? Non è riuscito ad essere puntuale.
È   s____   p________   N__   è   r_______   a_   e_____   p________   
   
È stato puntuale? Non è riuscito ad essere puntuale.
_   _____   _________   ___   _   ________   __   ______   _________   
   
È stato puntuale? Non è riuscito ad essere puntuale.
  Did he find the way? He could not find the way.
H_   t_o_a_o   l_   s_r_d_?   N_n   r_u_c_v_   a   t_o_a_e   l_   s_r_d_.   
   
Ha trovato la strada? Non riusciva a trovare la strada.
H_   t______   l_   s______   N__   r_______   a   t______   l_   s______   
   
Ha trovato la strada? Non riusciva a trovare la strada.
__   _______   __   _______   ___   ________   _   _______   __   _______   
   
Ha trovato la strada? Non riusciva a trovare la strada.
  Did he understand you? He could not understand me.
T_   c_p_v_?   N_n   r_u_c_v_   a   c_p_r_i_   
   
Ti capiva? Non riusciva a capirmi.
T_   c______   N__   r_______   a   c_______   
   
Ti capiva? Non riusciva a capirmi.
__   _______   ___   ________   _   ________   
   
Ti capiva? Non riusciva a capirmi.
 
 
 
 
  Why could you not come on time?
P_r_h_   n_n   s_i   r_u_c_t_   a_   a_r_v_r_   p_n_u_l_e_t_?   
   
Perché non sei riuscito ad arrivare puntualmente?
P_____   n__   s__   r_______   a_   a_______   p____________   
   
Perché non sei riuscito ad arrivare puntualmente?
______   ___   ___   ________   __   ________   _____________   
   
Perché non sei riuscito ad arrivare puntualmente?
  Why could you not find the way?
P_r_h_   n_n   r_u_c_v_   a   t_o_a_e   l_   s_r_d_?   
   
Perché non riuscivi a trovare la strada?
P_____   n__   r_______   a   t______   l_   s______   
   
Perché non riuscivi a trovare la strada?
______   ___   ________   _   _______   __   _______   
   
Perché non riuscivi a trovare la strada?
  Why could you not understand him?
P_r_h_   n_n   r_u_c_v_   a   c_p_r_o_   
   
Perché non riuscivi a capirlo?
P_____   n__   r_______   a   c_______   
   
Perché non riuscivi a capirlo?
______   ___   ________   _   ________   
   
Perché non riuscivi a capirlo?
 
 
 
 
  I could not come on time because there were no buses.
N_n   s_n_   r_u_c_t_   a_   a_r_v_r_   p_n_u_l_e_t_,   p_r_h_   l_a_t_b_s   n_n   v_n_v_.   
   
Non sono riuscito ad arrivare puntualmente, perché l’autobus non veniva.
N__   s___   r_______   a_   a_______   p____________   p_____   l________   n__   v______   
   
Non sono riuscito ad arrivare puntualmente, perché l’autobus non veniva.
___   ____   ________   __   ________   _____________   ______   _________   ___   _______   
   
Non sono riuscito ad arrivare puntualmente, perché l’autobus non veniva.
  I could not find the way because I had no city map.
N_n   s_n_   r_u_c_t_   a   t_o_a_e   l_   s_r_d_,   p_r_h_   n_n   a_e_o   l_   p_a_t_   d_l_a   c_t_à_   
   
Non sono riuscito a trovare la strada, perché non avevo la pianta della città.
N__   s___   r_______   a   t______   l_   s______   p_____   n__   a____   l_   p_____   d____   c_____   
   
Non sono riuscito a trovare la strada, perché non avevo la pianta della città.
___   ____   ________   _   _______   __   _______   ______   ___   _____   __   ______   _____   ______   
   
Non sono riuscito a trovare la strada, perché non avevo la pianta della città.
  I could not understand him because the music was so loud.
N_n   s_n_   r_u_c_t_   a   c_p_r_o_   p_r_h_   l_   m_s_c_   e_a   t_o_p_   a_t_.   
   
Non sono riuscito a capirlo, perché la musica era troppo alta.
N__   s___   r_______   a   c_______   p_____   l_   m_____   e__   t_____   a____   
   
Non sono riuscito a capirlo, perché la musica era troppo alta.
___   ____   ________   _   ________   ______   __   ______   ___   ______   _____   
   
Non sono riuscito a capirlo, perché la musica era troppo alta.
 
 
 
 
  I had to take a taxi.
H_   d_v_t_   p_e_d_r_   u_   t_s_ì_   
   
Ho dovuto prendere un tassì.
H_   d_____   p_______   u_   t_____   
   
Ho dovuto prendere un tassì.
__   ______   ________   __   ______   
   
Ho dovuto prendere un tassì.
  I had to buy a city map.
H_   d_v_t_   c_m_r_r_   u_a   p_a_t_   d_l_a   c_t_à_   
   
Ho dovuto comprare una pianta della città.
H_   d_____   c_______   u__   p_____   d____   c_____   
   
Ho dovuto comprare una pianta della città.
__   ______   ________   ___   ______   _____   ______   
   
Ho dovuto comprare una pianta della città.
  I had to switch off the radio.
H_   d_v_t_   s_e_n_r_   l_   r_d_o_   
   
Ho dovuto spegnere la radio.
H_   d_____   s_______   l_   r_____   
   
Ho dovuto spegnere la radio.
__   ______   ________   __   ______   
   
Ho dovuto spegnere la radio.
 
 
 
 

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VI

Negative words aren't translated into the native language

When reading, multilinguals translate subconsciously into their native language. This happens automatically; that is, the readers do it without realizing. It could be said that the brain functions like a simultaneous translator. But it doesn't translate everything! One study has shown that the brain has a built-in filter. This filter decides what gets translated. And it appears that the filter ignores certain words. Negative words aren't translated into the native language. Researchers selected native speakers of Chinese for their experiment. All test subjects spoke English as their second language. The test subjects had to rate various English words. These words had different emotional content. There were positive, negative and neutral terms. While the test subjects read the words, their brains were examined. That is, the researchers measured the electrical brain activity. In doing so, they could see how the brain worked. Certain signals are generated during the translation of words. They indicate that the brain is active. However, the test subjects showed no activity with the negative words. Only the positive or neutral terms were translated. Researchers don't yet know why this is. Theoretically, the brain has to process all words the same. It could be, however, that the filter quickly examines each word. It is analyzed while still being read in the second language. If a word is negative, the memory is blocked. In other words, it can't think of the word in the native language. People can react very sensitively to words. Perhaps the brain wants to protect them from emotional shock…

 




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82 [eighty-two]
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Past tense 2
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