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82[八十二]

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82 [ሰማንያንክልተን] 82 [semaniyanikiliteni]	ሕሉፍ 2 ḥilufi 2

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消极词语不会被翻译成母语

多语言者在阅读时会不自觉地把外语翻译成母语。这个过程是自动发生的，以至于他毫无觉察。可以说，大脑就像一个同传译员一样工作。但是，大脑不会翻译所有的内容！一项研究发现，大脑有着内置过滤系统。该过滤系统会决定翻译什么样的内容。并且看起来，它会忽略掉某些词语。比如消极的词语就不会被翻译成母语。研究人员挑选了汉语母语者作为实验对象。所有的实验对象都能说第二外语英语。实验对象必须对各种英文词语做评价。这些英文词语有着不同的情感内容。其中有积极词语，消极词语和中性词语。当实验对象阅读这些词语时，他们的大脑会被研究。也就是说，研究人员会测量大脑电波活动。通过测量就能知道大脑是如何运作的。实验对象的大脑在对词语进行翻译时会产生特定的脑电波信号。这个信号显示大脑正处活跃状态。但是，在读到消极词语时，实验对象的大脑并没有产生活动信号。而是只有在读到积极词语或中性词语时大脑才会进行翻译。研究人员仍未了解其中缘由。理论上，大脑应该同样地处理所有的词语。也有可能是，大脑中的过滤系统快速对每个词语做了检查。当人们正在读外语词语时，该词语就会被过滤系统分析。如果某个词语的意义是消极的，大脑记忆就会被阻断。这样就不能转化成相对应的母语词语。人类对词语的反应是相当敏感的。也许这是因为大脑想保护人类避免情绪刺激......

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你得要叫救护车吗？	ግ_ን ዲ_ ኣ_ቡ_ን_ ክ_ጽ_ዕ ዘ_ካ ? g_d_n_ d_y_ a_i_u_a_i_i k_t_t_’_w_‘_ z_l_k_ ? ግድን ዲዩ ኣምቡላንስ ክትጽውዕ ዘለካ ? gidini dīyu amibulanisi kitits’iwi‘i zeleka ? ግ__ ዲ_ ኣ_____ ክ____ ዘ__ ? g_____ d___ a__________ k___________ z_____ ? ግድን ዲዩ ኣምቡላንስ ክትጽውዕ ዘለካ ? gidini dīyu amibulanisi kitits’iwi‘i zeleka ? ___ __ ______ _____ ___ _ ______ ____ ___________ ____________ ______ _ ግድን ዲዩ ኣምቡላንስ ክትጽውዕ ዘለካ ? gidini dīyu amibulanisi kitits’iwi‘i zeleka ?
你得要找医生吗？	ግ_ን ሓ_ ሓ_ም ክ_ጽ_ዕ ዘ_ካ_ g_d_n_ h_a_e h_a_ī_i k_t_t_’_w_‘_ z_l_k_? ግድን ሓደ ሓኪም ክትጽውዕ ዘለካ? gidini ḥade ḥakīmi kitits’iwi‘i zeleka? ግ__ ሓ_ ሓ__ ክ____ ዘ___ g_____ h____ h______ k___________ z______ ግድን ሓደ ሓኪም ክትጽውዕ ዘለካ? gidini ḥade ḥakīmi kitits’iwi‘i zeleka? ___ __ ___ _____ ____ ______ _____ _______ ____________ _______ ግድን ሓደ ሓኪም ክትጽውዕ ዘለካ? gidini ḥade ḥakīmi kitits’iwi‘i zeleka?
你得要找警察吗？	ግ_ን ን_ሊ_ ክ_ጽ_ዕ ? g_d_n_ n_p_l_s_ k_t_t_’_w_‘_ ? ግድን ንፖሊስ ክትጽውዕ ? gidini nipolīsi kitits’iwi‘i ? ግ__ ን___ ክ____ ? g_____ n_______ k___________ ? ግድን ንፖሊስ ክትጽውዕ ? gidini nipolīsi kitits’iwi‘i ? ___ ____ _____ _ ______ ________ ____________ _ ግድን ንፖሊስ ክትጽውዕ ? gidini nipolīsi kitits’iwi‘i ?

您有那个电话号码吗？我刚才还有那个电话号码。	እ_ ቁ_ሪ ተ_ፎ_ ኣ_ኩ_ ዶ_ ክ_ብ ሕ_ ኔ_ኒ ። i_ī k_u_s_i_ī t_l_f_n_ a_e_u_i d_? k_s_b_ h_i_ī n_r_n_ ። እቲ ቁጽሪ ተለፎን ኣለኩም ዶ? ክሳብ ሕጂ ኔሩኒ ። itī k’uts’irī telefoni alekumi do? kisabi ḥijī nērunī ። እ_ ቁ__ ተ___ ኣ___ ዶ_ ክ__ ሕ_ ኔ__ ። i__ k________ t_______ a______ d__ k_____ h____ n_____ ። እቲ ቁጽሪ ተለፎን ኣለኩም ዶ? ክሳብ ሕጂ ኔሩኒ ። itī k’uts’irī telefoni alekumi do? kisabi ḥijī nērunī ። __ ___ ____ ____ __ ___ __ ___ _ ___ _________ ________ _______ ___ ______ _____ ______ _ እቲ ቁጽሪ ተለፎን ኣለኩም ዶ? ክሳብ ሕጂ ኔሩኒ ። itī k’uts’irī telefoni alekumi do? kisabi ḥijī nērunī ።
您有地址吗？我刚才还有那个地址。	እ_ ኣ_ራ_ ኣ_ኩ_ ዶ_ ክ_ብ ሕ_ ኔ_ኒ ። i_ī a_i_a_h_ a_e_u_i d_? k_s_b_ h_i_ī n_r_n_ ። እቲ ኣድራሻ ኣለኩም ዶ? ክሳብ ሕጂ ኔሩኒ ። itī adirasha alekumi do? kisabi ḥijī nērunī ። እ_ ኣ___ ኣ___ ዶ_ ክ__ ሕ_ ኔ__ ። i__ a_______ a______ d__ k_____ h____ n_____ ። እቲ ኣድራሻ ኣለኩም ዶ? ክሳብ ሕጂ ኔሩኒ ። itī adirasha alekumi do? kisabi ḥijī nērunī ። __ ____ ____ __ ___ __ ___ _ ___ ________ _______ ___ ______ _____ ______ _ እቲ ኣድራሻ ኣለኩም ዶ? ክሳብ ሕጂ ኔሩኒ ። itī adirasha alekumi do? kisabi ḥijī nērunī ።
您有城市旅游指南吗？我刚才还有。	እ_ ፕ_ን ና_ ከ_ማ ኣ_ኩ_ ዶ_ ክ_ብ ሕ_ ኔ_ኒ ። i_ī p_l_n_ n_y_ k_t_m_ a_e_u_i d_? k_s_b_ h_i_ī n_r_n_ ። እቲ ፕላን ናይ ከተማ ኣለኩም ዶ? ክሳብ ሕጂ ኔሩኒ ። itī pilani nayi ketema alekumi do? kisabi ḥijī nērunī ። እ_ ፕ__ ና_ ከ__ ኣ___ ዶ_ ክ__ ሕ_ ኔ__ ። i__ p_____ n___ k_____ a______ d__ k_____ h____ n_____ ። እቲ ፕላን ናይ ከተማ ኣለኩም ዶ? ክሳብ ሕጂ ኔሩኒ ። itī pilani nayi ketema alekumi do? kisabi ḥijī nērunī ። __ ___ __ ___ ____ __ ___ __ ___ _ ___ ______ ____ ______ _______ ___ ______ _____ ______ _ እቲ ፕላን ናይ ከተማ ኣለኩም ዶ? ክሳብ ሕጂ ኔሩኒ ። itī pilani nayi ketema alekumi do? kisabi ḥijī nērunī ።

他来得准时吗？他没能准时来。	ኣ_ ሰ_ቱ ድ_ መ_ኡ_ ኣ_ሰ_ቱ ክ_ጽ_ ኣ_ከ_ለ_። a_i s_‘_t_ d_y_ m_t_’_’_? a_i_e_a_u k_m_t_’_’_ a_i_e_a_e_i_ ኣብ ሰዓቱ ድዩ መጺኡ? ኣብሰዓቱ ክመጽእ ኣይከኣለን። abi se‘atu diyu mets’ī’u? abise‘atu kimets’i’i ayike’aleni። ኣ_ ሰ__ ድ_ መ___ ኣ____ ክ___ ኣ______ a__ s_____ d___ m________ a________ k_________ a___________ ኣብ ሰዓቱ ድዩ መጺኡ? ኣብሰዓቱ ክመጽእ ኣይከኣለን። abi se‘atu diyu mets’ī’u? abise‘atu kimets’i’i ayike’aleni። __ ___ __ ____ _____ ____ _______ ___ ______ ____ _________ _________ __________ ____________ ኣብ ሰዓቱ ድዩ መጺኡ? ኣብሰዓቱ ክመጽእ ኣይከኣለን። abi se‘atu diyu mets’ī’u? abise‘atu kimets’i’i ayike’aleni።
他找到路了吗？他没能找到路。	እ_ መ_ዲ ረ_ቡ_ ዶ_ ን_ እ_ መ_ዲ ክ_ኽ_ ኣ_ከ_ለ_። i_ī m_g_d_ r_h_ī_u_o d_? n_s_ i_ī m_g_d_ k_r_h_i_o a_i_e_a_e_i_ እቲ መገዲ ረኺቡዎ ዶ? ንሱ እቲ መገዲ ክረኽቦ ኣይከኣለን። itī megedī reẖībuwo do? nisu itī megedī kireẖibo ayike’aleni። እ_ መ__ ረ___ ዶ_ ን_ እ_ መ__ ክ___ ኣ______ i__ m_____ r________ d__ n___ i__ m_____ k________ a___________ እቲ መገዲ ረኺቡዎ ዶ? ንሱ እቲ መገዲ ክረኽቦ ኣይከኣለን። itī megedī reẖībuwo do? nisu itī megedī kireẖibo ayike’aleni። __ ___ ____ __ __ __ ___ ____ _______ ___ ______ _________ ___ ____ ___ ______ _________ ____________ እቲ መገዲ ረኺቡዎ ዶ? ንሱ እቲ መገዲ ክረኽቦ ኣይከኣለን። itī megedī reẖībuwo do? nisu itī megedī kireẖibo ayike’aleni።
他听懂你说的话了吗？他没听懂我说的话。	ን_ ተ_ዲ_ካ ዶ_ን_ ን_ይ ክ_ድ_ኒ ኣ_ከ_ለ_። n_s_ t_r_d_’_k_ d_?_i_u n_‘_y_ k_r_d_’_n_ a_i_e_a_e_i_ ንሱ ተረዲኡካ ዶ?ንሱ ንዓይ ክርድኣኒ ኣይከኣለን። nisu teredī’uka do?nisu ni‘ayi kiridi’anī ayike’aleni። ን_ ተ____ ዶ___ ን__ ክ____ ኣ______ n___ t_________ d______ n_____ k_________ a___________ ንሱ ተረዲኡካ ዶ?ንሱ ንዓይ ክርድኣኒ ኣይከኣለን። nisu teredī’uka do?nisu ni‘ayi kiridi’anī ayike’aleni። __ _____ ____ ___ _____ _______ ____ __________ _______ ______ __________ ____________ ንሱ ተረዲኡካ ዶ?ንሱ ንዓይ ክርድኣኒ ኣይከኣለን። nisu teredī’uka do?nisu ni‘ayi kiridi’anī ayike’aleni።

你为什么没能够准时来呢？	ስ_ም_ታ_ ብ_ዓ_ ክ_መ_እ ዘ_ከ_ል_? s_l_m_n_t_y_ b_s_‘_t_ k_t_m_t_’_’_ z_y_k_’_l_k_? ስለምንታይ ብሰዓቱ ክትመጽእ ዘይከኣልካ? sileminitayi bise‘atu kitimets’i’i zeyike’alika? ስ_____ ብ___ ክ____ ዘ______ s___________ b_______ k___________ z____________ ስለምንታይ ብሰዓቱ ክትመጽእ ዘይከኣልካ? sileminitayi bise‘atu kitimets’i’i zeyike’alika? ______ ____ _____ _______ ____________ ________ ____________ _____________ ስለምንታይ ብሰዓቱ ክትመጽእ ዘይከኣልካ? sileminitayi bise‘atu kitimets’i’i zeyike’alika?
你为什么没有能找到路呢？	ስ_ም_ታ_ መ_ዲ ክ_ረ_ቦ ዘ_ከ_ል_? s_l_m_n_t_y_ m_g_d_ k_t_r_h_i_o z_y_k_’_l_k_? ስለምንታይ መገዲ ክትረኽቦ ዘይከኣልካ? sileminitayi megedī kitireẖibo zeyike’alika? ስ_____ መ__ ክ____ ዘ______ s___________ m_____ k__________ z____________ ስለምንታይ መገዲ ክትረኽቦ ዘይከኣልካ? sileminitayi megedī kitireẖibo zeyike’alika? ______ ___ _____ _______ ____________ ______ ___________ _____________ ስለምንታይ መገዲ ክትረኽቦ ዘይከኣልካ? sileminitayi megedī kitireẖibo zeyike’alika?
你为什么没听懂他说的话呢？	ስ_ም_ታ_ ን_ኡ ክ_ር_ኦ ዘ_ከ_ል_? s_l_m_n_t_y_ n_‘_’_ k_t_r_d_’_ z_y_k_’_l_k_? ስለምንታይ ንዕኡ ክትርድኦ ዘይከኣልካ? sileminitayi ni‘i’u kitiridi’o zeyike’alika? ስ_____ ን__ ክ____ ዘ______ s___________ n_____ k_________ z____________ ስለምንታይ ንዕኡ ክትርድኦ ዘይከኣልካ? sileminitayi ni‘i’u kitiridi’o zeyike’alika? ______ ___ _____ _______ ____________ ______ __________ _____________ ስለምንታይ ንዕኡ ክትርድኦ ዘይከኣልካ? sileminitayi ni‘i’u kitiridi’o zeyike’alika?

我没能准时来，因为当时没有公共汽车。	ቡ_ ስ_ዘ_ነ_ረ ኣ_ሰ_ተ_ ክ_ጽ_ ኣ_ከ_ል_ን_ b_s_ s_l_z_y_n_b_r_ a_i_e_a_e_i k_m_t_’_’_ a_i_e_a_i_u_i_ ቡስ ስለዘይነብረ ኣብሰዓተይ ክመጽእ ኣይከኣልኩን። busi silezeyinebire abise‘ateyi kimets’i’i ayike’alikuni። ቡ_ ስ______ ኣ_____ ክ___ ኣ_______ b___ s_____________ a__________ k_________ a_____________ ቡስ ስለዘይነብረ ኣብሰዓተይ ክመጽእ ኣይከኣልኩን። busi silezeyinebire abise‘ateyi kimets’i’i ayike’alikuni። __ _______ ______ ____ ________ ____ ______________ ___________ __________ ______________ ቡስ ስለዘይነብረ ኣብሰዓተይ ክመጽእ ኣይከኣልኩን። busi silezeyinebire abise‘ateyi kimets’i’i ayike’alikuni።
我没能找到路，因为我当时没有城市交通图。	ፕ_ን ና_ ከ_ማ ስ_ዘ_ነ_ረ_መ_ዲ ክ_ክ_ ኣ_ከ_ል_ን_ p_l_n_ n_y_ k_t_m_ s_l_z_y_n_b_r_n_m_g_d_ k_r_k_b_ a_i_e_a_i_u_i_ ፕላን ናይ ከተማ ስለዘይነበረኒመገዲ ክረክብ ኣይከኣልኩን። pilani nayi ketema silezeyineberenīmegedī kirekibi ayike’alikuni። ፕ__ ና_ ከ__ ስ__________ ክ___ ኣ_______ p_____ n___ k_____ s_____________________ k_______ a_____________ ፕላን ናይ ከተማ ስለዘይነበረኒመገዲ ክረክብ ኣይከኣልኩን። pilani nayi ketema silezeyineberenīmegedī kirekibi ayike’alikuni። ___ __ ___ ___________ ____ ________ ______ ____ ______ ______________________ ________ ______________ ፕላን ናይ ከተማ ስለዘይነበረኒመገዲ ክረክብ ኣይከኣልኩን። pilani nayi ketema silezeyineberenīmegedī kirekibi ayike’alikuni።
我没有听懂他说的，因为当时音乐太吵了。	ሙ_ቃ ዓ_ ኢ_ ስ_ ዝ_በ_ ን_ኡ ክ_ድ_ ኣ_ከ_ል_ን ። m_z_k_a ‘_w_ ī_u s_l_ z_n_b_r_ n_‘_’_ k_r_d_’_ a_i_e_a_i_u_i ። ሙዚቃ ዓው ኢሉ ስለ ዝነበረ ንዕኡ ክርድኦ ኣይከኣልኩን ። muzīk’a ‘awi īlu sile zinebere ni‘i’u kiridi’o ayike’alikuni ። ሙ__ ዓ_ ኢ_ ስ_ ዝ___ ን__ ክ___ ኣ______ ። m______ ‘___ ī__ s___ z_______ n_____ k_______ a____________ ። ሙዚቃ ዓው ኢሉ ስለ ዝነበረ ንዕኡ ክርድኦ ኣይከኣልኩን ። muzīk’a ‘awi īlu sile zinebere ni‘i’u kiridi’o ayike’alikuni ። ___ __ __ __ ____ ___ ____ _______ _ _______ ____ ___ ____ ________ ______ ________ _____________ _ ሙዚቃ ዓው ኢሉ ስለ ዝነበረ ንዕኡ ክርድኦ ኣይከኣልኩን ። muzīk’a ‘awi īlu sile zinebere ni‘i’u kiridi’o ayike’alikuni ።

我当时必须坐出租车。	ሓ_ ታ_ሲ ክ_ስ_ ኔ_ኒ_ h_a_e t_k_s_ k_w_s_d_ n_r_n_። ሓደ ታክሲ ክወስድ ኔሩኒ። ḥade takisī kiwesidi nērunī። ሓ_ ታ__ ክ___ ኔ___ h____ t_____ k_______ n______ ሓደ ታክሲ ክወስድ ኔሩኒ። ḥade takisī kiwesidi nērunī። __ ___ ____ ____ _____ ______ ________ _______ ሓደ ታክሲ ክወስድ ኔሩኒ። ḥade takisī kiwesidi nērunī።
我当时必须买一张城市交通指南。	ሓ_ ፕ_ን ና_ ከ_ማ ክ_ዝ_ ኔ_ኒ_ h_a_e p_l_n_ n_y_ k_t_m_ k_g_z_’_ n_r_n_። ሓደ ፕላን ናይ ከተማ ክገዝእ ኔሩኒ። ḥade pilani nayi ketema kigezi’i nērunī። ሓ_ ፕ__ ና_ ከ__ ክ___ ኔ___ h____ p_____ n___ k_____ k_______ n______ ሓደ ፕላን ናይ ከተማ ክገዝእ ኔሩኒ። ḥade pilani nayi ketema kigezi’i nērunī። __ ___ __ ___ ____ ____ _____ ______ ____ ______ ________ _______ ሓደ ፕላን ናይ ከተማ ክገዝእ ኔሩኒ። ḥade pilani nayi ketema kigezi’i nērunī።
我当时必须把收音机关掉。	እ_ ሬ_ዮ ከ_ፍ_ ኔ_ኒ_ i_ī r_d_y_ k_t_i_i_o n_r_n_። እቲ ሬድዮ ከጥፍኦ ኔሩኒ። itī rēdiyo ket’ifi’o nērunī። እ_ ሬ__ ከ___ ኔ___ i__ r_____ k________ n______ እቲ ሬድዮ ከጥፍኦ ኔሩኒ። itī rēdiyo ket’ifi’o nērunī። __ ___ ____ ____ ___ ______ _________ _______ እቲ ሬድዮ ከጥፍኦ ኔሩኒ። itī rēdiyo ket’ifi’o nērunī።

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